A scale is an ordered sequence of notes that are spaced at very specific distances from each other. These distances are called intervals in music theory and define the specific sound character of the respective scale.
As a rule, the notes of a scale are arranged in ascending order, with the pitch increasing step by step. Of course, they can also be played in descending order, which frequently occurs in compositions.
The root note and half steps
In principle, a scale can be built on any note (Affiliate-Link)¹ of the tonal system, which then functions as an individual root note.
- In most common cases (such as with the classic major and minor scales), the notes are mostly spaced a major second apart – which corresponds exactly to two half steps.
- A special feature of these scales, however, is that at exactly two specific points within the sequence, smaller intervals with a minor second (a half step) occur.
You will find out exactly what this distribution of half steps looks like and what effect it achieves in the next chapter!
Free Online Exercises
Interactive carousel with 4 music theory exercises. Use the arrow keys or swipe to move between the exercises.
Note Trainer
Practice quickly identifying notes on the staff. Perfect for preparing for music exams.
