Note, Scale, Chord… explained simply
Note, Scale, Chord… explained simply

Why the Circle of Fourths Is Just an Overcomplicated Circle of Fifths

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The circle of fourths is actually just an overcomplication of the circle of fifths and only useful if you haven’t mastered the keyboard (Affiliate-Link) backward…
As we know, a circle of fifths shows us the key signatures of the various scales. To do this, starting from C, we always jump a fifth higher for the sharps. So it goes: C, G, D, etc., for the sharps (G major one sharp, D major two, etc.).
Normally, for the flats, we would start the whole thing ‘backward’ starting from C, i.e., always going down a fifth: C, F, Bb, etc. Now, with the circle of fourths, logically we jump up a fourth from C and arrive at the same result: C, F, Bb, etc…
So, with the so-called circle of fourths, we can calculate the flats by always jumping up a fourth instead of down a fifth. However, you only need this if you haven’t mastered the keyboard backward…
Actually, the circle of fourths is unnecessary and only overcomplicates the otherwise simple circle of fifths… By the way, the circle of fourths also works ‘backward’: for the sharps.

See also: The Circle of Fifths

Circle of Fourths Major and Minor – All Keys Overview

The circle of fourths displays all major and minor keys clockwise, ordered by fourths:

  • C major (A minor): no accidentals
  • F major (D minor): 1 ♭ (Bb)
  • Bb major (G minor): 2 ♭ (Bb, Eb)
  • Eb major (C minor): 3 ♭ (Bb, Eb, Ab)
  • Ab major (F minor): 4 ♭ (Bb, Eb, Ab, Db)
  • Db major (Bb minor): 5 ♭ (Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, Gb)
  • Gb major (Eb minor): 6 ♭ (Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, Gb, Cb)
  • Cb major (Ab minor): 7 ♭
  • C# major (G# minor): 7 ♯
  • F# major (D# minor): 6 ♯ (F#, C#, G#, D#, A#, E#)
  • B major (A# minor): 5 ♯ (F#, C#, G#, D#, A#)
  • E major (C# minor): 4 ♯ (F#, C#, G#, D#)
  • A major (F# minor): 3 ♯ (F#, C#, G#)
  • D major (B minor): 2 ♯ (F#, C#)
  • G major (E minor): 1 ♯ (F#)

Every major key has a relative minor key with the same key signature.

Circle of Fourths

Free Online Exercises

Interactive carousel with 4 music theory exercises. Use the arrow keys or swipe to move between the exercises.

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